Date and Time formatting: Difference between revisions

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== Format specifiers ==
 
Excerpt from the [http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/pages/man3/strftime.3.html strftime man page] (please note that not all format specifiers work on all platforms; meaning some do not work on for example Windows):
 
Ordinary characters placed in the format string are copied to the output without conversion. Conversion specifications are introduced by a '%' character, and terminated by a conversion specifier character, and are replaced in s as follows:
 
{| class=wikitable
!Format<br />specifier
!Description
|-
|%a
|The abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale.
|-
|%A
|The full weekday name according to the current locale.
|-
|%b
|The abbreviated month name according to the current locale.  
|-
|%B
|The full month name according to the current locale.  
|-
|%c
|The preferred date and time representation for the current locale.
|-
|%C
|The century number (year/100) as a 2-digit integer. (SU)
|-
|%d
|The day of the month as a decimal number (range 01 to 31).  
|-
|%D
|Equivalent to %m/%d/%y. (Yecch --- for Americans only. Americans should note that in other countries %d/%m/%y is rather common. This means that in international context this format is ambiguous and should not be used.) (SU)
|-
|%e
|Like %d, the day of the month as a decimal number, but a leading zero is replaced by a space. (SU)
|-
|%E
|Modifier: use alternative format, see below. (SU)
|-
|%F
|Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format). (C99)
|-
|%G
|The ISO 8601 year with century as a decimal number. The 4-digit year corresponding to the ISO week number (see %V). This has the same format and value as %y, except that if the ISO week number belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead. (TZ)
|-
|%g
|Like %G, but without century, i.e., with a 2-digit year (00-99). (TZ)
|-
|%h
|Equivalent to %b. (SU)
|-
|%H
|The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00 to 23).
|-
|%I
|The hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01 to 12).
|-
|%j
|The day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366).
|-
|%k
|The hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 0 to 23); single digits are preceded by a blank. (See also %H.) (TZ)
|-
|%l
|The hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 1 to 12); single digits are preceded by a blank. (See also %I.) (TZ)
|-
|%m
|The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12).
|-
|%M
|The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59).
|-
|%n
|A newline character. (SU)
|-
|%O
|Modifier: use alternative format, see below. (SU)
|-
|%p
|Either 'AM' or 'PM' according to the given time value, or the corresponding strings for the current locale. Noon is treated as 'pm' and midnight as 'am'.
|-
|%P
|Like %p but in lowercase: 'am' or 'pm' or a corresponding string for the current locale. (GNU)
|-
|%r
|The time in a.m. or p.m. notation. In the POSIX locale this is equivalent to '%I:%M:%S %p'. (SU)
|-
|%R
|The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M). (SU) For a version including the seconds, see %T below.
|-
|%s
|The number of seconds since the Epoch, i.e., since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. (TZ)
|-
|%S
|The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60). (The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.)
|-
|%t
|A tab character. (SU)
|-
|%T
|The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M:%S). (SU)
|-
|%u
|The day of the week as a decimal, range 1 to 7, Monday being 1. See also %w. (SU)
|-
|%U
|The week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 00 to 53, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of week 01. See also %V and %W.
|-
|%V
|The ISO 8601:1988 week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has at least 4 days in the current year, and with Monday as the first day of the week. See also %U and %W. (SU)
|-
|%w
|The day of the week as a decimal, range 0 to 6, Sunday being 0. See also %u.
|-
|%W
|The week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 00 to 53, starting with the first Monday as the first day of week 01.
|-
|%x
|The preferred date representation for the current locale without the time.
|-
|%X
|The preferred time representation for the current locale without the date.
|-
|%y
|The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99).
|-
|%Y
|The year as a decimal number including the century.
|-
|%z
|    The time-zone as hour offset from UTC. Required to emit RFC 822-conformant dates (using "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z"). (GNU)
|-
|%Z
|The time zone or name or abbreviation.
|-
|%%
|A literal '%' character.
|}

Latest revision as of 07:41, 12 October 2023

Format specifiers[edit]

Excerpt from the strftime man page (please note that not all format specifiers work on all platforms; meaning some do not work on for example Windows):

Ordinary characters placed in the format string are copied to the output without conversion. Conversion specifications are introduced by a '%' character, and terminated by a conversion specifier character, and are replaced in s as follows:

Format
specifier 		Description
%a The abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale.
%A The full weekday name according to the current locale.
%b The abbreviated month name according to the current locale.
%B The full month name according to the current locale.
%c The preferred date and time representation for the current locale.
%C The century number (year/100) as a 2-digit integer. (SU)
%d The day of the month as a decimal number (range 01 to 31).
%D Equivalent to %m/%d/%y. (Yecch --- for Americans only. Americans should note that in other countries %d/%m/%y is rather common. This means that in international context this format is ambiguous and should not be used.) (SU)
%e Like %d, the day of the month as a decimal number, but a leading zero is replaced by a space. (SU)
%E Modifier: use alternative format, see below. (SU)
%F Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format). (C99)
%G The ISO 8601 year with century as a decimal number. The 4-digit year corresponding to the ISO week number (see %V). This has the same format and value as %y, except that if the ISO week number belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead. (TZ)
%g Like %G, but without century, i.e., with a 2-digit year (00-99). (TZ)
%h Equivalent to %b. (SU)
%H The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00 to 23).
%I The hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01 to 12).
%j The day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366).
%k The hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 0 to 23); single digits are preceded by a blank. (See also %H.) (TZ)
%l The hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 1 to 12); single digits are preceded by a blank. (See also %I.) (TZ)
%m The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12).
%M The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59).
%n A newline character. (SU)
%O Modifier: use alternative format, see below. (SU)
%p Either 'AM' or 'PM' according to the given time value, or the corresponding strings for the current locale. Noon is treated as 'pm' and midnight as 'am'.
%P Like %p but in lowercase: 'am' or 'pm' or a corresponding string for the current locale. (GNU)
%r The time in a.m. or p.m. notation. In the POSIX locale this is equivalent to '%I:%M:%S %p'. (SU)
%R The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M). (SU) For a version including the seconds, see %T below.
%s The number of seconds since the Epoch, i.e., since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. (TZ)
%S The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60). (The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.)
%t A tab character. (SU)
%T The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M:%S). (SU)
%u The day of the week as a decimal, range 1 to 7, Monday being 1. See also %w. (SU)
%U The week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 00 to 53, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of week 01. See also %V and %W.
%V The ISO 8601:1988 week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has at least 4 days in the current year, and with Monday as the first day of the week. See also %U and %W. (SU)
%w The day of the week as a decimal, range 0 to 6, Sunday being 0. See also %u.
%W The week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 00 to 53, starting with the first Monday as the first day of week 01.
%x The preferred date representation for the current locale without the time.
%X The preferred time representation for the current locale without the date.
%y The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99).
%Y The year as a decimal number including the century.
%z The time-zone as hour offset from UTC. Required to emit RFC 822-conformant dates (using "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z"). (GNU)
%Z The time zone or name or abbreviation.
%% A literal '%' character.
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